Scientists at Stanford University and Nanyang Technological University in Singapore conducted a study that followed 108 participants over several years to observe molecular changes associated with aging. The study, published in Nature Aging, found that human aging occurs in two accelerated bursts: one at age 44 and another at age 60.
The researchers analyzed RNA, proteins, and microbiomes from blood, stool, skin, and nasal and oral swabs collected every three to six months. They found that most molecules showed non-linear changes at these two age points, indicating that aging is not a gradual process.
The study identified significant changes in various biological processes, including:
1. Metabolism: Ability to metabolize caffeine and alcohol decreases around age 40 and 60.
2. Protein changes: Alterations in proteins that hold tissues together, contributing to skin, muscle, and cardiovascular changes.
3. Disease risk: Increased susceptibility to cardiovascular disorders, kidney issues, and type 2 diabetes after age 60.
The researchers suggest that identifying these patterns can aid in disease diagnosis and prevention. They recommend making lifestyle changes, such as:
1. Reducing alcohol consumption
2. Exercising regularly
3. Monitoring carb intake and hydrating adequately, especially around age 60
The study’s findings emphasize the importance of taking care of oneself during these pivotal periods in life.